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Детальная структура клетки

Модель строения получена при помощи данных ЯМР и криоэлектронной микроскопии.
Сурс с детальным описанием на инглише: www.cellsignal.de/contents/science/cellular-landscapes/science-landscapes/

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Вангеры 2. Карта 1 уровня.

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01.11.2020, 07:30

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микрокосмосклеткапознавательноанглийскийЛегкая наркомания

Biosemiotics is a growing field that studies the production, action and interpretation of signs in the biological realm. Biosemiotics attempts to integrate the findings of scientific biology and semiotics, representing a paradigmatic shift in the occidental scientific view of life, demonstrating that semiosis (sign process, including meaning and interpretation) is its immanent and intrinsic feature.

$nucleus nuclear rough endoplasmj<f reticulum \ \ smooth endoplasmic reticulum v fig.i THE INNER CELL mitochondria,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания$

The major organelles of a eukaryotic cell: the nucleus that is involved in DNA maintainance and RNA transcription, the rough endoplasmic reticulum that is involved in the translation and folding of proteins, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum that plays a role in the expression of lipids and the energy producing mitochondria.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organelle

data transport
data distribution sjte
n
data expression pathway
data optimisation site
X
1»
data transport
fig.3 DATA EXPRESSION in the Inner Cell,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания

The outward expression of data (genes) in the central cell structures. Starting from the data code (DNA) in the central processing unit (nucleus) through the output switches (nuclear pores) carried by data transporters (mRNA) to the data translation points (ribosomes) where it is translated into complex molecular data (proteins) and then modified in compact meaningful states (folding) in the data optimisation sites (RER) until finally released by distribution sites (SER) and carried via data transporters (vacuoles).

data transi
input/output switches
converter production
data transcription
raw data storage
data converters
hg.7 DATA PROCESSING in the Nucleus,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания

Data is stored in the form of nucleic acids (DNA) within the nucleus while data converters (ribosomes) are produced in the nucleolus. DNA data is transcribed by enzymes and released in the form of tRNA a special kind of code that can be transported to other parts of the cell where it is transformed into more complicated codes like proteins. The release of RNA is controlled by the input-output switches (pores) that cover the nuclear envelope, these also control the incoming data from the cell that feedback information back to the DNA, creating a continuous complex machinery of data transmission and reception. The Central Processing Unit (the nucleus) in effect acts as a beacon of information within the cell.

neutron
electromagnetism
fig.ii THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS
electromagnetism,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания

data expression
memory storage
fig.12 DATA TRANSMISSION at the nuclear level,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания

Data is stored within each nucleon in the form of 3 quarks, whose combination determines whether the nucleon will have a 0 or 1 value (neutrons and protons). Data is exchanged between the nucleons through quark pairs (mesons) and virtual particles holding the nucleons together. This is essentially the same data exchange that occurs between valence quarks (residual strong force.) Data is expressed in the form of electromagnetism from the positively charged protons that act as data transceivers attracting complementary value entities (electrons) and repulsing same value entities.

electron
positive charge
atomic orbital
negative charge
fig.31 ATOMIC ORBITALS,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания

An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom. This function can be used to calculate the probability of finding any electron of an atom in any specific region around the atom's nucleus. The term may also refer to the physical region defined by the function where the electron is likely to be.

source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital

$* processing unit memory storage - * • # data expression fig.33 DATA PROCESSING at the Atomic Level n 4k -I data transceiver data impression : V v t 0 \ hi'-,микрокосмос,клетка,познавательно,английский,Легкая наркомания$

The nucleus acts as a permanent storage site of quark triplets (baryons, ie. protons and neutrons) which make up the electromagnetic signature of the nucleus. This code holds together another layer of code around it made out of electrons (atomic orbitals) whose form depends on the structure of the nuclear code. This results in the various chemical elements, each with its own intricate electromagnetic signature which enables them to interact in increasingly complex ways creating compound molecules.